January 9
'''January 9''' is the 9th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. There are 356 days remaining (357 in leap years). {{JanuaryCalendar{{CURRENTYEAR}}}}
Events
- 1431 - Trial of Joan of Arc began in Rouen, the seat of the English occupation government.
- 1760 - Afghans defeat Marathas in Battle of Barari Ghat.
- 1768 - Philip Astley stages the first modern circus (London).
- 1788 - Connecticut becomes the fifth state to join the United States.
- 1793 - Jean-Pierre Blanchard becomes the first to fly in a balloon in the United States.
- 1806 - Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson is buried in St. Paul's Cathedral.
- 1839 - The French Academy of Sciences announces the Daguerreotype photography process.
- 1857 - Fort Tejon earthquake, with an estimated magnitude of 7.9
- 1861 - Mississippi becomes the second state to secede from the Union, preceding the American Civil War.
- 1863 - American Civil War: Battle of Fort Hindman
- 1878 - Humbert I becomes King of Italy.
- 1882 - Oscar Wilde gives his first lecture on "The English Renaissance of Art" in New York.
- 1894 - New England Telephone and Telegraph installs the first battery-operated telephone switchboard in Lexington, Massachusetts.
- 1903 - Hallam Tennyson, 2nd Baron Tennyson, son of the famous poet Alfred Tennyson, became the second Governor-General of Australia
- 1905 - According to the Julian Calendar which was used at the time, Russian workers stage a march on the Winter Palace that ends in the massacre by Czarist troops known as Bloody Sunday, setting off the Russian Revolution of 1905.
- 1912 - Marines invade Honduras.
- 1916 - The Ottoman Empire prevailed in the Battle of Çanakkale, as the last British troops evacuated.
- 1917 - Battle of Rafa
- 1923 - Juan de la Cierva makes first autogiro flight.
- 1929 - The Seeing Eye is established with the mission to train dogs to assist the blind (Nashville, Tennessee).
- 1937 - The first issue of Look magazine goes on sale in the United States.
- 1945 - The United States invades Luzon in the Philippines.
- 1951 - United Nations headquarters officially opens in New York City.
- 1956 - First "Dear Abby" column appears in newspapers.
- 1960 - Construction of the Aswan Dam begins in Egypt.
- 1964 - Several Panamanian youths put up the Panamanian flag, and are fired on from the Canal Zone, setting off four days of anti-imperialist insurrection around the country.
- 1972 - RMS Queen Elizabeth is destroyed by fire (Hong Kong harbor).
- 1977 - Super Bowl XI: Oakland Raiders defeat Minnesota Vikings, 32-14.
- 1984 - Clara Peller is featured in the "Where's the Beef?" commercial campaign for Wendy's Restaurants for the first time.
- 1986 - After losing a patent battle with Polaroid, Kodak leaves the instant camera business.
- 1989 - The Sega Genesis is released in New York, New York and Los Angeles, California.
- 1991 - The Soviets storm Vilnius to stop Lithuanian independence.
- 1995 - Valeri Poliakov completes 366 days in space while aboard the Mir space station, breaking a duration record.
- 1996 - Sun Microsystems announced the formation of JavaSoft.
- 1997 - A Comair Embraer 120 crashes during approach into Detroit Metro. Airport killing 29.
- 2002 - The United States Department of Justice announces it is going to pursue a criminal investigation of Enron.
- 2005 - Elections scheduled to replace Yasser Arafat.
- 2006 - Planned launch date of New Horizons
Births
- 1554 - Pope Gregory XV (d. 1623)
- 1574 - Christoph Buel, composer
- 1589 - Ivan Gundulic, Croatian poet (d. 1638)
- 1620 - Johann Weichmann, composer
- 1685 - Tiberius Hemsterhuis, Dutch philologist (d. 1766)
- 1695 - John E Loovens, lawyer
- 1699 - Robert J Pothier, French lawyer
- 1728 - Thomas Warton, poet laureate of England (d. 1790)
- 1748 - Stefan Paluselli, composer
- 1790 - Per Daniel Amadeus Atterbom, Swedish poet
- 1811 - Gilbert Abbott a Beckett, English writer (d. 1856)
- 1815 - William Jackson, composer
- 1820 - Pavel Krizkovsky, composer
- 1829 - Thomas William Robertson, English playwright (d. 1871)
- 1829 - Adolf von Schlagintweit, German explorer
- 1839 - John Knowles Paine, composer
- 1843 - Christiaan A Ulder, composer
- 1851 - Giuseppi Gallignani, composer
- 1851 - Luis Coloma, Spanish Jesuit writer, theologian
- 1854 - Jennie Jerome, American society beauty (d. 1921)
- 1856 - Anton Aškerc, Slovenian priest, poet (d. 1912)
- 1856 - Lizette Woodworth Reese, poet
- 1856 - Stevan Mokranjac, composer
- 1857 - Henry B. Fuller, writer
- 1859 - Carrie Lane Chapman Catt, women's rights leader, founder of the League of Women Voters
- 1859 - Frederik Pijper, Dutch vicar, church historian
- 1864 - Vladimir Steklov, Russian mathematician (d. 1926)
- 1866 - Albert Baertsoen, Flemish painter, etcher
- 1867 - Jacques Urlus, Dutch opera singer
- 1868 - S. P. L. Sørensen, Danish chemist (d. 1939)
- 1870 - Joseph B Strauss, civil engineer, builder of the Golden Gate Bridge
- 1873 - Hayyim Nahman Bialik, Ukrainian Jewish poet, translator (d. 1934)
- 1875 - Gertrude Whitney, American sculptor (d. 1942)
- 1876 - Hans Bethge, writer
- 1879 - John Broadus Watson, American behaviorist psychologist (d. 1958)
- 1881 - Lascelles Abercrombie, British poet, critic (d. 1938)
- 1881 - Giovanni Papini, Italian, writer
- 1890 - Karel Čapek, Czech writer (d. 1938)
- 1890 - Kurt Tucholsky, German journalist, writer, satirist, social critic, (d. 1935)
- 1891 - August Gailit, Estonian, writer
- 1892 - Eva Bowring, American politician (d. 1985)
- 1894 - Henryk Stazewski, Polish abstract painter, graphic artist
- 1897 - Luis Gianneo, composer
- 1897 - Karl Löwith, German philosopher, (d. 1973)
- 1898 - Gracie Fields, English music hall/vaudeville performer, (d. 1979)
- 1898 - Vilma Banky, Hungarian actress
- 1899 - Alexander Tcherepnin, composer
- 1900 - Joseph Frederick Wagner, composer
- 1901 - Chic Young, cartoonist (d. 1973)
- 1902 - Rudolph Bing, opera manager (d. 1997)
- 1902 - Josemaría Escrivá, Spanish religious author (d. 1975)
- 1904 - George Balanchine, Russian dancer, choreographer, ballet producer (d. 1983) (O.S.)
- 1908 - Simone de Beauvoir, French author (d. 1986)
- 1911 - Richard Selwyn Francis Schiling, professor of occupational health
- 1911 - Stafford William Somerfield, British newspaper editor
- 1912 - Ralph Tubbs, British architect
- 1913 - Richard Nixon, 37th President of the United States (d. 1994)
- 1913 - Lavad Dr Hepcat Durst, musician
- 1913 - Peter John Norton, diplomat, artist
- 1914 - Kenny (Klook) Clarke, jazz drummer, composer
- 1914?- Gypsy Rose Lee, American burlesque actress (d. 1970)
- 1915 - Fernando Lamas, Argentine actor (d. 1982)
- 1915 - Les Paul, American guitarist, inventor
- 1916 - Vic Mizzy, American orchestra leader
- 1917 - Herbert Lom, Czech actor
- 1920 - Clive Dunn, British actor
- 1921 - Seymour Barab, composer
- 1922 - Ahmed Sékou Touré, President of Guinea (d. 1984)
- 1922 - Har Gobind Khorana, Indian biochemist
- 1924 - Julián B Coco, guitarist, bassist
- 1925 - Lee Van Cleef, American actor (d. 1989)
- 1925 - Abdelhamid Benhadugah, novelist
- 1928 - Judith Krantz, American author
- 1928 - Domenico Modugno, Italian, singer, songwriter (d. 1994)
- 1929 - Heiner Muller, German dramatist (d. 1995)
- 1929 - Dorothea Puente, American serial killer
- 1931 - Algis Budrys, American science fiction author
- 1931 - Geoffrey Wragg, British reorganizer
- 1932 - Robert P. Casey, American politician (d. 2000)
- 1933 - Sonia Garmers, author
- 1934 - Bart Starr, American football star
- 1935 - Bob Denver, American actor
- 1935 - Dick Enberg, American sportscaster
- 1935 - Kenneth Buddy Scott, blues guitarist, singer
- 1936 - Peter Fletcher, music teacher
- 1936 - Anne Rivers Siddons, writer
- 1937 - K Schlesinger, writer
- 1938 - Aad Kosto, theologian, actor, assistant Secretary of Justice of the Netherlands
- 1940 - Jimmy Boyd, American actor, singer
- 1940 - Barbara Buczek, Polish composer (d. 1993)
- 1940 - Ruth Dreifuss, Swiss politician
- 1941 - Joan Baez, American folk music singer, activist
- 1941 - Susannah York, British actress
- 1942 - K Callan, American actress
- 1943 - Dick Yount, rock musician
- 1943 - Kenneth Kelley, American singer
- 1943 - Rob Hoeke, pianist, singer
- 1944 - Scott Engel, singer
- 1944 - Jimmy Page, English rock musician, guitarist (Led Zeppelin)
- 1945 - Frank J. Biondi Jr., president of HBO
- 1945 - Harun Farocki, actor, director
- 1946 - Leo Gullotta, actor
- 1948 - Paul King, musician (Blue Öyster Cult)
- 1950 - David Johansen American singer
- 1950 - Rio Reiser, German singer (d. 1996)
- 1951 - Crystal Gayle, American country music singer
- 1951 - Rosalyn Kind, singer
- 1952 - Hugh Bayley, British politician
- 1952 - Eveline L Herfkens, Dutch MP (PvdA)
- 1954 - Lance Hoppens, musician
- 1955 - J. K. Simmons, American actor
- 1956 - Kimberly Beck, American actress
- 1956 - David Smith, cricket player
- 1958 - Mehmet Ali Agca, Turkish militant, attempted assassin of Pope John Paul II
- 1959 - Rigoberta Menchú, Guatemalan writer
- 1959 - Cristi Minculescu, Romanian musician
- 1963 - Michael Everson, American expert in writing systems and Unicode
- 1963 - Eric Erlandson, American musician (Hole)
- 1965 - Carin Garbarra, football player
- 1965 - Cindy Brooks, rower
- 1965 - Joely Richardson, English actress
- 1967 - Dave Matthews, South African singer, musician
- 1967 - Steve Harwell, American musician (Smash Mouth)
- 1968 - Jimmy Adams, West Indian cricket player
- 1970 - Andrew Leipus, Australian physiotherapist
- 1974 - Craig Wishart, cricketer
- 1978 - Chad Johnson, American football player
- 1978 - AJ McLean, singer ("Backstreet Boys")
- 1980 - Sergio García, Spanish golfer
Deaths
- 1283 - Wen Tianxiang, Chinese patriot, executed in Beijing (b. 1236)
- 1499 - Johann Cicero, elector of Brandenburg
- 1514 - Anna, Duchess of Brittany and consort queen of France
- 1562 - Amago Haruhisa, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1514)
- 1571 - Nicolas Durand de Villegaignon, French naval officer (b. 1510)
- 1677 - Aernout van der Neer, Dutch cartoonist, landscape painter (b. 1603)
- 1679 - Werner Fabricius, composer
- 1766 - Thomas Birch, British historian (b. 1705)
- 1798 - Pedro Pablo Abarca d Bolea, Spanish officer
- 1799 - Maria Gaetana Agnesi, Italian scientist (b. 1718)
- 1800 - Jean Étienne Championnet, French general (b. 1762)
- 1828 - Pieter Hoen, Dutch journalist, patriot
- 1848 - Caroline Herschel, German-born astronomer (b. 1750)
- 1849 - Jan Kops, agriculturist, vicar
- 1853 - Juan N Gallego, Spanish poet, interpreter
- 1854 - Filippo Traetta, composer
- 1863 - Ferdinand Huber, composer
- 1873 - Emperor Napoleon III of France (b. 1808)
- 1876 - Samuel Gridley Howe, American abolitionist (b. 1801)
- 1878 - King Victor Emmanuel II of Italy (b. 1820)
- 1879 - Don Joaquin BF Espartero, Field Marshal, viceroy of Navarre
- 1886 - Jakob Eduard Schmolzer, composer
- 1893 - Mohara, slave trader deluxe
- 1895 - Aaron Lufkin Dennison father of the American System of Watch Manufacturing
- 1901 - Richard Copley Christie, English scholar (b. 1830)
- 1902 - Gustaaf Rolin-Jaequemyns, lawyer, Interior Minister of Belgium
- 1904 - Alfred Richard, cricketer
- 1908 - Abraham Goldfaden, Yiddish stage performer
- 1908 - Wilhelm Busch, German painter (b. 1832)
- 1911 - Edwin Arthur Jones, composer
- 1918 - Émile Reynaud, French scientist (b. 1844)
- 1923 - Katherine Mansfield, New Zealand writer (b. 1888)
- 1927 - Houston S Chamberlain, race theorist
- 1930 - Edward W Buck, editor (Ladies Home Journal)
- 1931 - Claude Anet, French writer
- 1936 - John Gilbert, American actor (b. 1899)
- 1939 - Johann Strauss III, Austrian conductor
- 1941 - Ko Boezeman, Dutch resistance fighter
- 1943 - Robin G. Collingwood, English philosopher
- 1946 - Countee Cullen, American poet
- 1947 - Karl Mannheim, German sociologist (b. 1893)
- 1947 - Lambertus Zijl, sculptor
- 1949 - Amilcare Zanella, composer
- 1953 - Hans Aanrud, Norwegian author (Storken)
- 1957 - Mary Carr Moore, composer
- 1958 - Paul Fechter, German writer, historian
- 1959 - Paul Malengreau, composer
- 1961 - Emily Green Balch, American author, Nobel laureate
- 1962 - LeRoy B Shield, pianist, composer
- 1966 - Haro Levoni Step'anyan, composer
- 1968 - Louis-François-Marie Aubert, composer
- 1969 - Ladislav Vycpalek, composer
- 1971 - Elmer Flick, American baseball player (b. 1876)
- 1972 - Ted Shawn, American dancer (b. 1891)
- 1975 - John Slater, actor
- 1975 - Pierre Fresnay, actor
- 1977 - Alexey Kozlovsky, composer
- 1978 - Eddie Gilbert, cricketer
- 1979 - Avery Claflin, composer
- 1979 - Sara Carter, American singer, guitarist (b. 1898)
- 1981 - Kazimierz Serocki, composer
- * 1984 - Wolfgang Staudte, German director (b. 1906)
- 1985 - Don Brennan, cricketer
- 1985 - Robert Mayer, British businessman, philantropist (b. 1879)
- 1987 - Marion Hutton, American singer
- 1987 - Arthur Lake, American actor
- 1992 - Steve Brodie, actor
- 1992 - William JF Naughton, playwright
- 1993 - Svetoslav Roerich, Russian painter (b. 1904)
- 1994 - Silas Hogan, blues singer, guitarist,
- 1994 - Johnny Temple, American Major League Baseball second baseman (b. 1927)
- 1995 - Peter Cook, British actor. satirist, writer, comedian (b. 1937)
- 1995 - Souphanouvong, President of Laos (b. 1909)
- 1996 - Mary Nadia Wadia, actress
- 1996 - Kurt Schmucker, Minister of Economy of Germany
- 1996 - Michael Lynn Synar, politician
- 1997 - Edward Osobka-Morawski, Prime Minister of Poland
- 1997 - Jesse White, actor
- 1997 - Junaidu ibn Buhari, scholar
- 1998 - Kenichi Fukui, Japanese chemist (1918)
- 2000 - Nigel Tranter, Scottish historian and author (b. 1909)
- 2003 - Wilfried Hasselmann, German politician
- 2003 - Will McDonough, sports journalist
- 2005 - Koji Hashimoto, Japanese film director (b. 1936
Holidays and observances
- 1788 - Ratification Day in Connecticut
- 1964 - Memorial day of Patriotic Panamanians for the Panama Canal (Martyrs' Day/Dia de los Martires)
- Roman Catholic - Feast of Saint Adrian
- Eastern Orthodox - Feast of Saint Theophan the Recluse
- Philippines - Feast of the Black Nazarene in Quiapo district, Manila.
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